Butt Sabeeh-Ur-Rehman* and Shah Bhaumik
Immune checkpoint inhibitors include programmed cell death-1 receptor inhibitors (PD-1), programmed cell death ligand-1 inhibitors and CTLA-4 inhibitors and are novel treatment against certain cancers like non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), melanoma and renal cell cancer. They act by boosting the immune response against cancer cells and have improved the prognosis of patients with these cancers significantly shifting the treatment paradigm.