社会经济学杂志

抽象的

护理疏忽

萨克什·查图维迪

护理涵盖对个人、家庭、团体和社区的独立和协同关注，无论健康还是病患，以及所有环境。护理包括促进健康、预防疾病以及照顾残疾人和垂死的人。

根据英国皇家护理学院的说法，支持发展安全环境、研究、投资于成长型健康战略和心理健康与健康框架管理以及培训也是护理的重要方面。护理是通过发现和治疗人类反应来确保、促进和改善健康和能力，预防疾病和伤害，缓解痛苦，并为个人、家庭、社区和人口提供医疗服务。

疏忽大意是属于应尽的注意规范的行为或疏忽。例如，所有司机都有义务避免对其他司机和行人造成严重伤害。医疗不当行为是医疗专业人员在工作期间犯下的一种疏忽行为。非专业人员不能遵守医疗专业人员的规范，但受过专门培训、受过教育和获得认证的人员要对偏离其领域传统的行为负责。 

护理领域是一个受人尊敬的职位，需要有教育背景，对病人和工作场所有同情心、奉献精神和忠诚度，这意味着要坚守所有公认的护理规范。无论如何，有时护理人员可能会因粗心大意而受到指责。了解护理中粗心大意的特征，可以让您了解正常的工作和原则，以及可能被解释为疏忽的行为。

当护理人员履行对患者的护理义务，并且该行为是造成可证明伤害的合法原因时，其行为构成疏忽。尽管人们有普遍的责任，始终采取明智和谨慎的行动，以避免对他人造成可预见的风险。疏忽是指做某事或不做某事的行为，而其他明智的护理专业人员在类似情况下会做或避免做。这意味着每种情况都是不同的，而后者在某种程度上是模糊的。然而，在评估护理疏忽案件时，会考虑假设和偶然证据来确定是否存在任何疏忽。 

Basic instances of nursing carelessness incorporate ailing health, deficient hydration, physical maltreatment, medicine blunders, and mental and psychological mistreatment. In nursing homes or different spots of long-haul care, there are likewise frequently wounds because of bedsores, contaminations, and falls. Ailing health and parchedness cases originate from leaving a patient unattended for a really long time, overlooking his needs, or just declining to take care of and give water. Misuse arrives in an assortment of structures and, by and large attendants don't feel that they will be accounted for, particularly if the patient is intellectually debilitated. Drug blunders, bedsores, contaminations, and falls are most often the aftereffect of remissness and absence of focusing on their patients as vital.

It is significant for attendants to archive their activities intently and precisely at the time because at some point carelessness cases come about later when subtleties are hard to recall. Outlining everything makes it simple to decide the subtleties encompassing each activity or inaction and to locate a legitimate explanation concerning why it was finished. This is mix with a medical attendant, who follows the best possible extent of training, will liable to shield a medical attendant from being arraigned for nursing carelessness. The movement of prepared medical caretakers from asset helpless nations to wealthier nations encountering nursing deficiency may fuel worldwide medical care imbalances and this relocation causes a huge channel of the Indian nursing workforce. With its high proficiency rates and reformist instruction programs, the province of Kerala trains a nursing labor force that is exceptionally searched after in the worldwide work market. The greater part of India's attendants expected to emigrate because of disappointment with working conditions, and social mentality towards medical caretakers go about as persuading factors. The most regular stimulus for migration is better to pay prospects abroad. The attendants' thickness in India is (7.9 medical caretakers per 10,000 populace) when contrasted with world 33/10,000. It is well underneath worldwide principles and lacking to meet current home-grown wellbeing administration’s needs. 

Recommended norms for hospital nursing service

Staffing

Staff (for a minimum of 150 beds)

Teaching hospital

1

Nursing superintendent

1

2

Deputy Nursing superintendent

1

3

Asstt. Nursing superintendent (ANS)

1

Carelessness because of medical caretaker understaffing: Nurses regularly need more an ideal opportunity to appropriately mind their patients because of a deficiency of nursing staff. Attendants and clinical offices are regularly accused of carelessness for mediocre nursing care due to understaffing. Clinics with insufficient nursing staff will in general have higher paces of pneumonia stun, heart failure, and urinary parcel contaminations. Attendants are on the cutting edge of observing patients' conditions, yet it's simple for them to miss the early indications of a clinical issue if they are spread too meagrely. It is normal for exhausted attendants to ignore indications of stress in patients and to submit blunders while managing prescriptions. They may utilize an ill-advised portion, give some unacceptable medication, or give the correct medication by the wrong strategy, for example, intramuscularly rather than intravenously.

Nursing lack has the accompanying effects. 
1. Increase medical caretakers' patient's load 
2. Increases the danger of mistakes. 
3. Increase the danger of spreading disease to the patients and staff. 
4. Increase danger for occupation injury. 
5. Increased passing. 
6. Increase in nursing turnover. 
7. Increase view of risky working conditions, adding to expand deficiency, and ruining nearby or public enlistment endeavors.
8. Increase the medical attendants' possibility of getting mental assistance on account of a huge measure of pressure.

注意事项/建议
1. 护士应与患者和家属保持开放、诚实、知情的关系和沟通。 
2. 如果患者认为护理人员谨慎且专业，他们不太可能提出疏忽指控。 
3. 当患者询问您认为他有什么不对劲时，不要表现出情绪。您可能会因做出医疗决定而受到指责。 
4. 不要说任何患者可能理解为承认错误或指责的话。 
5. 与患者在一起时，不要指责医疗保健提供者或他们的行为。 
6. 在医疗环境中保持隐私。 
7. 保持您自己职业领域的灵活性。 
8. 参加重大继续教育课程。 
9. 参加管理课程中的重大诊所。 
10. 扩展您的知识和技术。 
11. 了解法律准则并将其融入日常实践中。
12. 保持最新的诊所方法和技术。 
13. 只做您受教育程度允许的、您有能力做的护理工作。14 
. 了解自己的优点和缺点。不要接受您认为自己没有能力完成的医疗工作。15 
. 准确记录所有护理工作。16 
. 如果报告了护理，法院将接受未交付护理。