营养失调与治疗杂志

抽象的

临床营养学 2019：打破长期趋势 - May Fouad Nassar - 艾因夏姆斯大学

梅·福阿德·纳萨尔

生物人类学的长期变化倾向于评估社会经济发展的程度，这就是为什么各国努力实现更好的长期增长趋势。身高较高经常被描述为社会地位和特权的标志，因此它成为个人和社会的愿望。萨马拉斯强调，通过健康的营养和生活方式以及良好的医疗救助，身材较矮的人不太可能患上与年龄相关的慢性疾病，并且更有可能在高龄时取得成功。尽管如此，身高较高经常被描述为社会地位和特权的标志，因此它成为个人和社会的愿望。一般来说，在过去的几十年里，身材趋于稳定；然而，体重持续增长，导致超重在发达国家流行。鉴于营养和遗传是身高趋势的主要决定因素，并且由于最大遗传潜力可能受到许多环境因素的限制；营养成为唯一的参与者。

一般来说，在过去的几十年里，身高趋于稳定；然而，体重却持续增长，导致超重需要流行形式。营养和遗传是身高趋势的最重要决定因素，由于最大遗传潜力通常受到限制；营养起主导作用。在追求乐观身高漂移的过程中，生长加速与人类的长期健康问题相关。大多数研究表明，无论年龄大小，快速增长（身高、体重或两者）与超重和肥胖增加之间存在正相关关系。因此，最终目标是抵制长期趋势，实现更好的身高潜力，而不会承受超重带来的健康负担。蛋白质的质量而不是数量才是真正影响身高的因素。尽管大多数国家的营养水平通常通过合理的饮食指南来提高，但即使在最富裕的国家，蛋白质指数的恶化也令人担忧。因此，这个比喻是放弃身高，相信遗传潜力理论的枯竭。另一方面，事实是，我们正确选择蛋白质仍然有希望。目前对蛋白质摄入量的威胁可以解释观察到的负面身高趋势。这些威胁可能是由不充分的“快餐”营养和一些误导性饮食指南共同造成的。总之，坚持指定蛋白质数量的经典有机现象并听从蛋白质指数将为实现积极的身高趋势梦想铺平道路。

Over-enthusiasm in diet manipulation getting to achieve a positive height trend can come at a high cost regarding weight. Throughout the follow for the humblest procedures and captivating much proteins and calories pointing at a taller bearing with perhaps some extra muscle mass; one can risk later health hazards. Singhal et al. reported that growth acceleration correlates with longterm health problems in humans and animals. Furthermore, a systematic appraisal by Monteiro & Victora decided that the popular studies show a optimistic connotation between rapid climb (height, weight, or both) and increased overweight and obesity, no matter age. The concluding writers further cautioned us from the cardiac result of rapid catch-up growth. Therefore, the last word goal is to defy the secular trend and achieve a far better height potential without the health burdens of excess weight. In Europe, it had been found that protein quality instead of quantity is what truly makes a difference tall. Though nutrition in maximum republics are frequently raised up by rational dietary guidelines regardless of the economic indicators, the deterioration of the protein index (ratio between proteins of highest quality as those of animal origin to the plant protein mainly wheat), even within the wealthiest nations, is alarming. Thus the parable is abandoning on height and believing within the exhaustion of the genetic potential theory. The truth, on the opposite hand, is that there's still hope lying in our right choice of protein. Don`t forget that the tallest people in Europe before the start of the industrial revolution may have been the hunters from the Gravettian culture with their high quality animal protein diet. Although in non-European countries the most correlate of height isn't protein quality but total protein consumption, with the increasing consumption of total protein Grasgruber et al. found large differences tall at an equivalent consumption level, which takes us back to the importance of protein quality. Recent intimidations to protein excellence can clarify the experiential negative height trends. These threats may result from a mixture of the inadequate “fast-food” nutrition and a few new and rather fashionable dietary guidelines like “modern healthy eating plates”. Surprisingly enough these dietary guidelines are currently popular despite the very fact that there's limited milk intake and emphasis on vegetables and whole grains at the expense of animal proteins which can lead to poor outcome at least in the pediatric age group. Besides the decreased protein quality and its contribution to the decreased height potential, nutriment is really a double burden since the obesity hazard may be a direct consequence. Unhealthy energy-dense, high-fat, low-fiber density dietary pattern was related to a significantly higher risk of obesity as recently described by Jessri et al. In simple words fighting the nutriment epidemic, can help achieve a far better secular trend whether taller height or desired weight. Finally, adherence to the classic organic phenomenon for the specified protein quantity and listening to the protein index would pave the way for dream realization.

该研究部分在2019 年 3 月 4 日至 6 日于西班牙巴塞罗那举行的第 24 届^国际 临床营养会议上发表。