致癌与突变杂志

抽象的

Molecular Pathways of Colorectal Carcinogenesis are Promising Mistery?

Renata Dobrila Dintinjana, Arnela Redzović and Marijan Dintinjana

The specific etiologic factors and pathogenetic mechanisms, underlying the development of cancers of the colon and rectum appear to be complex and

heterogeneous

. Despite the continuous advancement in diagnostic and therapeutic methods, despite the global and national programs for prevention it is evidenced increase in

colorectal cancer

(CRC) incidence and mortality.Further progress is needed in the field of non-invasive diagnostic methods to enable early diagnosis, pre and postoperative staging, and to assist in selecting the most suitable neo-adjuvant and adjuvant therapeutic methods and post-treatment follow-up. There are attempts to "personalise and individualise" anticancer therapy based on presence or absence of specific biomarkers. In this review we will focus on the prevalence, the latest progress made within the genomic and proteomic fields and their significance as possible prognostic and predictive markers in CRC patients.