外科与麻醉杂志

抽象的

Pathophysiology of Concurrent Trauma and Exsanguinationv

El Rasheid Zakaria and Bellal Joseph

Trauma continues to remain the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the developed countries [1]. Hemorrhage is the second most common cause of death after trauma, only outnumbered by traumatic brain injury [2]. Exsanguinating hemorrhage is the most common cause of mortality in the first hour of arrival to a trauma center and accounts for almost half of deaths in the first 24 h [3,4]. In addition, about 20-40% of trauma deaths that occur after hospital admission usually involve massive hemorrhage, in which death is potentially preventable [5]. Although the resuscitation protocols and management strategies for resuscitation of patients with exsanguinating hemorrhage have evolved in the past two decades, mortality among these patients remains high.