海岸带管理杂志

抽象的

污染控制 2020：使用 GIS 中的 AHP 方法定位 Savojbolagh 县城市垃圾填埋场 - Alzoubi Isham，德黑兰大学

阿尔祖比·伊沙姆

选择废弃物的填埋地点是城市废弃物管理中的一个重要步骤，根据对经济、环境和土地生态的破坏作用，选择填埋地点必须通过科学程序进行。填埋地点通过分解废弃物并产生渗滤液、甲烷和二氧化碳气体，极有可能污染环境和人类。本研究的目的是确定填埋的最佳地点，并提出一种有用的 Savojbolagh 废弃物管理方法。本研究使用了许多批评者，例如经济、社会、环境、技术和物理。首先，根据文献描述了批评者和放置原则。然后，使用了考虑的信息层，例如地形、土壤类型、道路、可漂浮性、历史遗迹、工业场所、住宅区和土地用途。考虑到所有批评者和局限性，使用数字地图并应用 GIS 软件，确定了 4 个地点。使用 AHP 指数对已定位的地点进行了分类。

 

关键词：放置、废弃物、评价、GIS、AHP

 

介绍

近年来，世界各国的人口增长和城市人口的增加导致城市地区过度使用并最终产生固体废物。尽管伊朗大多数城市的环境问题不容乐观，但焚烧场的环境威胁却像一个暗藏的敌人。卫生习惯是收集和焚烧废物的主要原因。大量废物具有这样的特点，即它们在环境中的存在会威胁人类和生物，并导致人类环境问题。针对大不里士县固体废物焚烧和卫生掩埋的问题，必须正确放置。本研究使用 GIS 软件，考虑环境因素来选择合适的地点。废弃的掩埋场预计在 10 年后将无法使用。因此，调查的必要性更为重要。

 

文献综述/研究的戏剧背景：

Koohi (1385) investigated on the solid waste materials placing in Qarchak city. In this study appropriate places for burry solid waste materials were determined using the programming and management organization of Iran instruction, environment protection organization of Iran, environment protection organization of the United States placing critics. Finally by adoption the critics a model for Gharchakcity was established and the burring place was determined. Soomati (2007) Multi Criteria decision analyses and overlap analyses by GIS choosed a new place to bury solid waste materials. The suggested system could be updated with new information about solid waste materials placing. Different factors considered in the placing procedure include: geology, water sources, sensitive regions, wheatear and subterraneous quality and land use. The weights determined for each scale based on their relative necessity and their assortments based on the amount of effects. The results of this system usage in different places show its affect in placing procedure. In the other study, chang et al. (2008) presents a fuzzy multicriteria decision analysis alongside with a geospatial analysis for the selection of landfill sites. They employ a two-stage analysis synergistically to form a spatial decision support system (SDSS) for waste management in a fast-growing urban region, south Texas. The first-stage analysis makes use of the thematic maps in Geographical information system (GIS) in conjunction with environmental, biophysical, ecological, and socioeconomic variables leading to support the second-stage analysis using the fuzzy multicriteria decision-making (FMCDM) as a tool. Yung et al.(2008) investigated on the (i) analyze the leachate and gas emissions from landfills used for domestic waste disposal in a metropolitan area of Jiangsu province, China, investigate remotely-sensed environmental features in close proximity to landfills, and also evaluate the compliance of their location and leachate quality with the relevant national regulations. The leachates of the sampled landfills contained heavy metals (Pb, As, Cr (6+) and Hg) and organic compounds in concentrations considered harmful to human health. Measured methane concentrations on landfill surfaces were low. Spatial analysis of the location of landfills with regard to distance from major water bodies, sensible infrastructure and environmental conditions according to current national legislation resulted in the rejection of four of the five sites as inappropriate for landfills. Our results call for rigorous evaluation of the spatial location of landfills in China that must take into consideration environmental and public health criteria. Among waste management are reduce, recover and convert waste materials to the useable materials. In All steps some amount of materials remains that must be buried, so finding appropriate place is the most important step in waste material management (Sener et al. 2006). This issue ever was the problem for human. Choose inappropriate burring place cause water, soil and climate contamination (Environmental Protection Organization, 1380). Many critics and indexes had been suggested to find appropriate place for burring that each of them proposed limitations and specific conditions. In the other words each one of critics had been constructed based on the scientific Background, So that led to placing studies find Interdisciplinary and multidimensional identity (Shamsaiifard, 1382).The main aim of placing is to find the most appropriate place that has lower adverse effects on the environment and natural resources, in terms of economic with least-cost and best specification from engineering vision (ghazban, 1385). So, data processing and evaluation had to be done compared to limitations, regulations and factors (daneshvar et al. 2003).