索引于
  • 学术期刊数据库
  • 打开 J 门
  • Genamics 期刊搜索
  • 学术钥匙
  • 期刊目录
  • 中国知网(CNKI)
  • 乌尔里希的期刊目录
  • 电子期刊图书馆
  • 参考搜索
  • 哈姆达大学
  • 亚利桑那州EBSCO
  • OCLC-WorldCat
  • SWB 在线目录
  • 虚拟生物学图书馆 (vifabio)
  • 普布隆斯
  • 日内瓦医学教育与研究基金会
  • 欧洲酒吧
  • 谷歌学术
分享此页面
期刊传单
Flyer image

抽象的

Antibiotic Allergy: A Clinical Review

Vitor Melo dos Santos and Humberto S Machado

Introduction: Antibiotics are commonly associated with hypersensitivity reactions. These can be expressed through clinical manifestations that range from mild symptoms to severe life-threating reactions. Nevertheless, these are often mistaken with adverse events. Incorrect labeling off a patient as allergic, leads to increase in costs and morbidity in the health care setting.

Objectives: Review currently available information on evaluation, diagnosis and treatment of allergic antibiotic reactions.

Methods: A search was conducted in the PubMed, filtering results to articles published in the last ten years, in English, in adults and with full texts available. Out of the eight hundred and twenty-six results, seventy-three were selected.

Results: Diagnosis of allergic events requires a detailed anamnesis. Confirmation of the diagnosis is influenced by the clinical features and the type of reaction, immediate or nonimmediate. The first can be evaluated with skin tests and drug provocation tests. The latter are studied with delayed-reading skin tests and drug provocation tests. Management of these patients should follow avoidance and application of an alternative tolerated drug. However, if the drug in question is indispensable for the treatment of the patient, then desensitization can be tried.

Discussion: Clinical history is a fundamental component in the management of these patients. Skin tests are less well validated to antibiotics other than β-lactam. In vitro tests have not been fully validated in large samples of subjects. Desensitization has been validated for patients with β-lactam immediate reactions, but further investigation is required for non-immediate reactions, as well as, for non β-lactam antimicrobials.

Conclusion: Management of antimicrobial hypersensitivity follows specific considerations in function of the type of allergic reaction and antibiotic class. Further investigation regarding immunochemistry and validation of diagnostic tests for non β-lactam antibiotics is required.