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Review Effects of Environmental and Health Replacement Diesel Bus with Electric Bus in Tehran Mega City

Fatemeh Hassani

In recent years one from important requests of people in Tehran and others mega cities in Country, Attention to air pollution issue. Fossil fuel of point Sources (such as buildings) and also Diesel fuel of mobile Sources (Bus and General transportation), there are two main Sources of air pollution. In Tehran too, according to the latest municipality report. They account for half of the airborne particles. One of the main causes of pollution in Tehran is the problem of fuel and therefore eliminating diesel engines and converting them to clean energy such as electricity has been one of the applicable strategies for air pollution control. The purpose of this study was to investigate the health and environmental effects of replacing diesel fuel with powered electric buses in Tehran. Looking at the cost of replacing diesel bus fuel consumption and pollution costs. Result, the amount of social costs associated with carbon generation in all public buses is estimated at about 6786.72 $ per day for a daily commute, estimated at about 2477152.8 $ per year. The social cost of carbon footprint on all private sector buses is estimated to be about 8665.92 $ per trip, then estimated at about 3163060.8$ per year. On the other hand, the average daily mileage of each bus is 120 kilometers. Studies have estimated the cost of $ 0.08 to travel 1.6 km for a bus. Therefore, it is estimated that the cost is approximately 0.05 $ per kilometer and the health cost is 6 $. So, the cost of a daily commute for the entire private sector bus is estimated at 4393140 $ over a year. Conclusion, Fuel consumption per 100 kilometers of a bus in Tehran is about 46 liters. On the other hand, the direct and indirect impacts of air pollution impact on the individual, local and national economies. It has always been difficult to accurately measure these effects.